Martial arts

Usually people think of eastern unarmed combat arts when martial arts are mentioned, but combat arts involving melee weapons also belong to this. Historically western cultures had only armed martial arts in broad use, but these were also important in eastern cultures on side of the usual unarmed arts.

Modern martial arts are usually labeled hybrid martial arts as they combine several arts into something that's actually efficient, however there are still lots of people who practice the old, though their purpose is more in terms of learning discipline and otherwise training the body without real aim to use it in self-defense or combat (for which they're largely inadequate).

Kung Fu, Wing Chun, Capoeira, Savate, Taekwondo, Karate, Muay Thai, Glima, Judo, Jujutsu, Sambo, Shuai jiao, Aikido, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, Hapkido, Fencing, Gatka, Kendo, Silambam, Eskrima, Jogo do Pau, Jukendo, and so on...